The mechanism of N-vinylindole formation via tandem imine formation and cycloisomerisation of o-ethynylanilines
Identifieur interne : 007C85 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 007C84; suivant : 007C86The mechanism of N-vinylindole formation via tandem imine formation and cycloisomerisation of o-ethynylanilines
Auteurs : Danielle F. Kennedy [Australie] ; Ainara Nova [France] ; Anthony C. Willis [Australie] ; Odile Eisenstein [France] ; Barbara A. Messerle [Australie]Source :
- Dalton Transactions [ 1477-9226 ] ; 2009.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Acetone, Alkyne, Amine, Amine cyclisation, Aniline, Catalysed, Catalyst, Catalytic cycle, Chem, Computational studies, Cpircl2, Cyclisation, Cyclisation step, Dalton trans, Energy barrier, Experimental data, Hydroamination, Hydroamination reaction, Imine, Imine cyclisation, Imine formation, Indole, Indoles, Intramolecular, Intramolecular proton transfer, Kcal, Lett, Metal centre, Mmol, Molar, Molar equivalent, Molar equivalents, Nabf4, Nucleophilic addition, Pathway, Phys, Proton, Proton transfer, Reactant, Reactive form, Royal society, Stationary points, Trans, Transition state, Transition states, Vinyl indole.
- Teeft :
- Acetone, Alkyne, Amine, Amine cyclisation, Aniline, Catalysed, Catalyst, Catalytic cycle, Chem, Computational studies, Cpircl2, Cyclisation, Cyclisation step, Dalton trans, Energy barrier, Experimental data, Hydroamination, Hydroamination reaction, Imine, Imine cyclisation, Imine formation, Indole, Indoles, Intramolecular, Intramolecular proton transfer, Kcal, Lett, Metal centre, Mmol, Molar, Molar equivalent, Molar equivalents, Nabf4, Nucleophilic addition, Pathway, Phys, Proton, Proton transfer, Reactant, Reactive form, Royal society, Stationary points, Trans, Transition state, Transition states, Vinyl indole.
Abstract
The reaction of 2-(2-phenylethynyl)aniline with acetone in presence of [IrCp*Cl2]2 has previously been found to yield a vinyl indole derivative and not the indole expected to form following a hydroamination reaction. Experimental data, including labelling studies, isolation and solid state structure determination of a reaction intermediate together with DFT calculations were used to develop a mechanism for the formation of the vinyl indole. In the mechanism proposed, acetone plays a significant role in several steps of the reaction path, participating in the fragmentation of the dinuclear Ir complex and the formation of the reactive form of the catalyst as well as blocking the formation of the expected hydroamination product by coordination to the Ir catalyst. Coordinated acetone reacts with the aniline to form an imine derivative, which yields the final product following proton transfer promoted by acetone. The proposed mechanism is in good agreement with the experimental data.
Url:
DOI: 10.1039/b915269e
Affiliations:
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<term>Alkyne</term>
<term>Amine</term>
<term>Amine cyclisation</term>
<term>Aniline</term>
<term>Catalysed</term>
<term>Catalyst</term>
<term>Catalytic cycle</term>
<term>Chem</term>
<term>Computational studies</term>
<term>Cpircl2</term>
<term>Cyclisation</term>
<term>Cyclisation step</term>
<term>Dalton trans</term>
<term>Energy barrier</term>
<term>Experimental data</term>
<term>Hydroamination</term>
<term>Hydroamination reaction</term>
<term>Imine</term>
<term>Imine cyclisation</term>
<term>Imine formation</term>
<term>Indole</term>
<term>Indoles</term>
<term>Intramolecular</term>
<term>Intramolecular proton transfer</term>
<term>Kcal</term>
<term>Lett</term>
<term>Metal centre</term>
<term>Mmol</term>
<term>Molar</term>
<term>Molar equivalent</term>
<term>Molar equivalents</term>
<term>Nabf4</term>
<term>Nucleophilic addition</term>
<term>Pathway</term>
<term>Phys</term>
<term>Proton</term>
<term>Proton transfer</term>
<term>Reactant</term>
<term>Reactive form</term>
<term>Royal society</term>
<term>Stationary points</term>
<term>Trans</term>
<term>Transition state</term>
<term>Transition states</term>
<term>Vinyl indole</term>
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<term>Alkyne</term>
<term>Amine</term>
<term>Amine cyclisation</term>
<term>Aniline</term>
<term>Catalysed</term>
<term>Catalyst</term>
<term>Catalytic cycle</term>
<term>Chem</term>
<term>Computational studies</term>
<term>Cpircl2</term>
<term>Cyclisation</term>
<term>Cyclisation step</term>
<term>Dalton trans</term>
<term>Energy barrier</term>
<term>Experimental data</term>
<term>Hydroamination</term>
<term>Hydroamination reaction</term>
<term>Imine</term>
<term>Imine cyclisation</term>
<term>Imine formation</term>
<term>Indole</term>
<term>Indoles</term>
<term>Intramolecular</term>
<term>Intramolecular proton transfer</term>
<term>Kcal</term>
<term>Lett</term>
<term>Metal centre</term>
<term>Mmol</term>
<term>Molar</term>
<term>Molar equivalent</term>
<term>Molar equivalents</term>
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<term>Proton transfer</term>
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<term>Reactive form</term>
<term>Royal society</term>
<term>Stationary points</term>
<term>Trans</term>
<term>Transition state</term>
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<front><div type="abstract">The reaction of 2-(2-phenylethynyl)aniline with acetone in presence of [IrCp*Cl2]2 has previously been found to yield a vinyl indole derivative and not the indole expected to form following a hydroamination reaction. Experimental data, including labelling studies, isolation and solid state structure determination of a reaction intermediate together with DFT calculations were used to develop a mechanism for the formation of the vinyl indole. In the mechanism proposed, acetone plays a significant role in several steps of the reaction path, participating in the fragmentation of the dinuclear Ir complex and the formation of the reactive form of the catalyst as well as blocking the formation of the expected hydroamination product by coordination to the Ir catalyst. Coordinated acetone reacts with the aniline to form an imine derivative, which yields the final product following proton transfer promoted by acetone. The proposed mechanism is in good agreement with the experimental data.</div>
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